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产品介绍background:

Mitochondrial ATP synthase is composed of two multi-subunit complexes that utilize an inner membrane electrochemical gradient to catalyze the synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The two multi-subunit complexes are designated F1 and F0, the former of which comprises the soluble catalytic core and the latter of which comprises the membrane-spanning proton channel of ATP synthase. F1 consists of five distinct subunits, designated ATP5A, ATP5B, ATP5C1, ATP5D and ATP5E, while F0 consists of ten subunits, designated ATP5H, ATP5G1, ATP5I, ATP5G2, ATP5J2, ATP5J, ATP5G3, ATP5S, ATP5F1 and ATP5L. ATP5B, also designated ATPMB, ATPSB or mitochondrial ATP synthetase, beta subunit, is a 529 amino acid protein that localizes to the mitochondrial membrane and exists as a subunit of the F0 complex. ATP5B is encoded by a nuclear gene and assembled with the other subunits encoded by both mitochondrial and nuclear genes. The ATP5B gene is activated by members of the Ets family of transcription factors, suggesting that Ets transcription factors are involved in the enhanced expression of the ATP5B gene in highly proliferating cells and in the coordinate transcription of nuclear genes for mitochondrial proteins. ATP5B mRNA levels vary among species through transcriptional control with high expression levels in heart, lower levels in skeletal muscle and the lowest levels in liver and kidney.

 

Function:

Mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase (F(1)F(0) ATP synthase or Complex V) produces ATP from ADP in the presence of a proton gradient across the membrane which is generated by electron transport complexes of the respiratory chain. F-type ATPases consist of two structural domains, F(1) - containing the extramembraneous catalytic core, and F(0) - containing the membrane proton channel, linked together by a central stalk and a peripheral stalk. During catalysis, ATP synthesis in the catalytic domain of F(1) is coupled via a rotary mechanism of the central stalk subunits to proton translocation. Subunits alpha and beta form the catalytic core in F(1). Rotation of the central stalk against the surrounding alpha(3)beta(3) subunits leads to hydrolysis of ATP in three separate catalytic sites on the beta subunits.

 

Subunit:

F-type ATPases have 2 components, CF(1) - the catalytic core - and CF(0) - the membrane proton channel. CF(1) has five subunits: alpha(3), beta(3), gamma(1), delta(1), epsilon(1). CF(0) has three main subunits: a, b and c. Component of an ATP synthase complex composed of ATP5F1, ATP5G1, ATP5E, ATP5H, ATP5I, ATP5J, ATP5J2, MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATP5A1, ATP5B, ATP5D, ATP5C1, ATP5O, ATP5L, USMG5 and MP68

 

Subcellular Location:

Mitochondrion. Mitochondrion inner membrane. Peripheral membrane protein.

 

Similarity:

Belongs to the ATPase alpha/beta chains family.